Opportunities and challenges for research on food and nutrition security and agriculture in Africa

Global and national food systems face growing challenges in agriculture, ecology, health, nutrition, and human behaviour, requiring stronger collaboration between science communities, policymakers, and stakeholders. The Network of African Science Academies (NASAC), in partnership with the InterAcademy Partnership (IAP), has developed a report to address these challenges and strengthen the science-policy interface in Africa. This report aligns with global efforts to improve food and nutrition security, offering actionable insights for African leaders, policymakers, scientists, and stakeholders.

Key Challenges in African Food Systems

African agriculture and food systems require transformative changes to meet continental and international commitments, such as Agenda 2063. Without significant advancements, achieving food security, improved nutrition, and poverty alleviation will remain out of reach.

Opportunities for Transformation Through STI

Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) provide critical opportunities to address Africa’s food system challenges. Key areas include:

1. Policy Efficiency: Enhancing policies, programs, and monitoring systems to support sustainable agriculture.
2. Agricultural Efficiency: Increasing productivity and resilience in the face of climate change and other uncertainties.
3. Food System Efficiency: Ensuring year-round access to safe, nutritious food for all.
4. Human Nutrition and Health: Breaking the cycle of poverty and deprivation through improved nutrition and productivity.

Call for Investment in STI

To achieve these goals, significant investment is needed in:

• Human capacity building for research, training, and extension services.
• Infrastructure development to support STI initiatives.

Integrated Approach to Food Systems

The NASAC report emphasizes an integrated approach to understanding the complexities of African agriculture and food systems. It highlights the interconnections between rural livelihoods, household diets, and vulnerable populations, offering STI-driven solutions to create the “Africa We Want” as envisioned in Agenda 2063.

Key Recommendations

1. Generate Research: Prioritize research to address critical gaps in agriculture and food systems.
2. Connect Stakeholders: Strengthen collaboration between scientists, policymakers, and the private sector.
3. Utilize Innovations: Leverage existing and emerging technologies to diversify and transform African food systems.

Conclusion

The NASAC report underscores the urgent need for science-driven transformation in African agriculture and food systems. By investing in STI and fostering collaboration, Africa can achieve food security, improved nutrition, and sustainable development, aligning with global and continental goals.